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| old_akkadian_letters [2015/01/08 10:38] – [Introduction] hawkins | old_akkadian_letters [2015/01/08 10:39] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 |
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| ===== Introduction ===== | ===== Introduction ===== |
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| Around 2334 BC (Middle Chronology) Sargon overturned the rule of Lugalzagesi - originally a king of Uruk who managed to take control of most of southern Mesopotamia – and established a new ruling dynasty. Sargon, whose name perhaps means, “true king” or “the king is legitimate,” was originally from the northern city of Akkad. His previous profession is unknown, although later tradition claims that he was as cupbearer in the court of Kish. Sargon and his descendents, collectively called the Sargonids, ruled Mesopotamia for over a hundred years, created the first known empire in history, and established many of the later quintessential Mesopotamian traditions of kingship. The Sargonids were revered in later Mesopotamian literature, their inscriptions were copied, and fictional tales of their deeds were composed by later generations of scribes. | Around 2334 BC (Middle Chronology) Sargon overturned the rule of Lugalzagesi - originally a king of Uruk who managed to take control of most of southern Mesopotamia – and established a new ruling dynasty. Sargon, whose name has been suggested to mean “true king” or “the king is legitimate,” was originally from the northern city of Akkad. His previous profession is unknown, although later tradition claims that he was as cupbearer in the court of Kish. Sargon and his descendents, collectively called the Sargonids, ruled Mesopotamia for over a hundred years, created the first known empire in history, and established many of the later quintessential Mesopotamian traditions of kingship. The Sargonids were revered in later Mesopotamian literature, their inscriptions were copied, and fictional tales of their deeds were composed by later generations of scribes. |
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| The state under the Sargonids was highly organized and consisted of a new type of hierarchical bureaucracy and centralized government. Sargon’s grandson Naram-Sin (2254-2218 BC) was the first Mesopotamian king to introduce the concept of divine kingship, which strengthened the ideology at the center of their rule. This new form of government brought with it new bureaucratic and administrative methods of organization, including the introduction of the Akkadian language into the education of the literate officials. Old Akkadian was presumably the language of writing in the north before the rise of the Akkad state, but it was now used in the south alongside the Sumerian language (Michalowski 1993, 20). | The state under the Sargonids was highly organized and consisted of a new type of hierarchical bureaucracy and centralized government. Sargon’s grandson Naram-Sin (2254-2218 BC) was the first Mesopotamian king to introduce the concept of divine kingship, which strengthened the ideology at the center of their rule. This new form of government brought with it new bureaucratic and administrative methods of organization, including the introduction of the Akkadian language into the education of the literate officials. Old Akkadian was presumably the language of writing in the north before the rise of the Akkad state, but it was now used in the south alongside the Sumerian language (Michalowski 1993, 20). |
