New or Contested Old Sumerian Sign Readings
The alternate readings here come from G. Marchesi and N. Marchetti’s Royal Statuary of Early Dynastic Mesopotamia (2011). Marchesi and Marchetti also note that “the so-called ‘amissable’ final consonants in Sumerian (that is, /d/, /g/, /k/, /ř/, held to be mute in word-final position), which include the phoneme /k/ of the genitive, were in fact pronounced in the Early Dynastic period (cf. Bauer 1989-90: 77. The loss of these consonants probably occurred in the Neo-Sumerian period.)” (2011: 238).
LAK numbers refer to the numbers provided in A. Deimel's Liste der archaischen Keilschriftzeichen (= WVDOG 40 [1922]).
| CDLI Reading | Alternate Readings | Sign Name | LAK Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| abba2 | abax | ABxAŠ2 | |
| aga3 | aga3 | GIN2 | LAK 667 |
| agrun | agrun | E2.NUN | |
| akkilx | AB.KID | ||
| ALIMx.NITA | KIŠ.NITA | ||
| anzudx | MI | ||
| adab | ařabx | UD.NUN | |
| aš11 | AŠ-tenû | ||
| ašgix | HIxDIŠ | ||
| ašgix | ŠIR | ||
| inanna | 'aštar | MUŠ3 | |
| bahar2 | bahar2 | DUG.SILA3.BUR | LAK 742 |
| bilx | NExPAP | ||
| bu16 | NI | ||
| dar | dax | DAR | |
| dingir | dimerx | AN | |
| ellilx | EN.E2 | ||
| enx | GAL | ||
| ennegirx | ENxGI.KI | ||
| iri | ere | URU | |
| iri | eri | URU | |
| esi | ešax | KAL | |
| eštubx | KU6+GUD | ||
| gidim | gadimx | GIDIM | |
| galx | NUN | ||
| dab/dib | gebx | DIB | |
| gizuna | ŠID.NUNki | ||
| ĝešdurux | PA | ||
| ur3/uru12 | ĝušurx | UR3 | |
| ḫad | ḫad | PA | |
| i3 | idx | NI | |
| inanna | (n)in'anakx | MUŠ3 | |
| inanna | in(n)inx | MUŠ3 | |
| iri | iri | URU | |
| isḫarax | LAGABxSIG7 | ||
| isḫarax | LAGABxSIG7.SAHAR | ||
| ensi2 | iššex | PA.TE.SI | |
| keš2 | kešerx | EZEN | |
| ukken | KIĜx | UNKEN | |
| kullab(a)x | UNUG | ||
| piriĝ | kušux | PIRIĜ | LAK 256 |
| lam | labx | LAM | |
| lagasx | NU11.BUR(.MUŠEN) | ||
| lamma | lammarx | KAL | |
| lugalx | GAL+LU | ||
| nanše/nina | niĝenx | NANŠE/NINA | |
| ensi2 | niĝsi'akx | PA.TE.SI | |
| nita | nintaḫx | UŠ | |
| nisaba2 | nissabakx | NAĜA | |
| pabilgax | ĜIŠ.NExPAP/"ĜIŠ".PAP.NE | ||
| palil | palil | IGI.DU | |
| pařx | ExPAP | ||
| sa12 | sa12 | SAĜ | |
| sigx | SAR | ||
| šuba3 | subex | MUŠ3 / MUŠ3.ZA(7) / MUŠ3xZA(7)/ | |
| MUŠ3.ZA.ZA(7) / ZA.MUŠ3 / ZA.MUŠ2 | |||
| sur3 | KAM | ||
| šarex | NI | ||
| šub5 | ZI:ZI.ŠE3 | ||
| dub3/ṭa3 | ṭab6 | DUG3 | LAK 666/786 |
| u6 | ugx | U6 | |
| umma | umma | ĜIŠ.KUŠU2 | |
| ur4 | urax | UR4 | |
| uru11 | urubx | URUxKAR2 | |
| udu | uřax | UDU | |
| usan4 | SI/SU4 | ||
| ušurx | ušurx | LAL2xLAGAB/LAL2xTUG2 |
Bibliography
Bauer, J. (1989-90). "Altsumerische Wirtschaftsurkunden in Leningrad." Archiv für Orientforschung, 76-91.
Deimel, A. (1922). Liste der archaischen Keilschriftzeichen von Fara. JC Hinrich.
Marchesi, G., & Marchetti, N. (2011). Royal statuary of early dynastic Mesopotamia. Eisenbrauns.
