====== The Province of Umma ======

The province of Umma is located northwest of the Lagash province and northeast of the Uruk province. During the Ur III period the province was centered almost exclusively at Umma, modern Tell Djokha ([[the ur iii province of umma|click here for a description of Umma during the Ur III period]]). During the Presargonic period it is possible that the main center was Tell al-Agrib located to the southeast of Umma.

[[The Ur III province of Umma|The province of Umma during the Ur III period]]

For descriptions of the different sites, see the following pages:

[[sites:umma|Umma]]

[[sites:da-umma|Da-Umma]]

[[sites:apisal|Apisal]]

[[sites:zabala|Zabala]]

[[sites:ki_an|KI.AN]]

[[sites:guedena_mushbiana|Gu(e)dena and Mushbiana]]


[[sites:umma_other_sites|Other sites in the Umma province]]

==== Bibliography ====

  * R. McC. Adams, [[http://cdli.ucla.edu/pubs/cdlj/2008/cdlj2008_001.html|"An Interdisciplinary Overview of a Mesopotamian City and its Hinterlands,"]] CDLJ 2008:1
  * J. L. Dahl, "The Ruling Family of Ur III Umma: A Prosopographical Analysis of an Elite Family in Southern Iraq 4000 Years Ago. PIHANS 108. Leiden: 2007.
  * P. Steinkeller, "The Administration and Economic Organization of the Ur III State: The Core and the Periphery," in M. Gibson and R. D. Biggs, eds., The Organization of Power: Aspects of Bureaucracy in the Ancient Near East. SAOC 46 (1987), pp. 119-141.
  * P. Steinkeller, “The Foresters of Umma: Toward a Definition of Ur III Labor”. In M. A. Powell, ed., Labor in the Ancient Near East. American Oriental Series, AOS 68. New Haven (1987), pp. 73-115.
  * P. Steinkeller, "New Light on the Hydrology and Topography of Southern Babylonia in the Third Millennium," ZA 91 (2001), 22-84
  * P. Steinkeller, "An Estimate of the Population of the City of Umma in Ur III Times" (forthcoming)
  * G. Van Driel, “The Size of Institutional Umma.” Archiv für Orientforschung 46-47, 1999-2000, p. 80-91.